01/W Panning

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rev: 00Oct14
Topics
Panning 
  Progs, non-Drum 
  Progs, Drum 
  in the Effects Section
  Zones
  using MIDI
  with a computer sequencer
Using outputs 1-4
  in home or small room (stereo)
  with a mixer (stereo)
  large room with a PA (mono)
 

(01 panning can get pretty complicated so don't beat yourself up if you don't understand it right away.)
Overview
Panning starts with when you create a Prog (or a Drum Kit, if you're making a Drum Prog). If the Prog is used in a Combi or Sequence Mode, additional pan options appear that can change the Prog pan settings on their way to back panel outputs 1-4. MIDI Pan commands can change some setting, but not all.

Prog Panning
There are two sections where panning can be done: in the Prog section and in the Effects section. The outputs of the Prog section are the signals A, B, C, and D. These are inputs to the Effects section. The outputs of the Effects section go to the back panel outputs 1/L, 2/R, 3, and 4.

(a better diagram appears in the Percussion Manual on page 90)

Panning Progs (except Drum Progs)
Non-Drum Prog pans are set when you pick oscillators (OSC) on Page 0 (EDIT PROG, P0:OSC, Line 3/4, Column H). Your pan options are: A, 9:1 thru 1:9, B, C, C+D, D, ALL.

Panning Drum Progs
Drum Progs are based on one Drum Kit. Each Drum Sound in a Kit (each key on the keyboard) can be panned separately (GLOBAL, Page 1/2, Column G). (Complete settings for all four Drum Kits are listed in the Percussion Manual on pages 28-35.) Your pan options are the same as non-drum Progs: A, 9:1 thru 1:9, B, C, C+D, D, ALL.

When you define/edit a Drum Prog, you don't have any panning options for the Prog like you do for non-drum Progs. The Drum Kit pan settings are used.

Panning in the Effects Section
In general, signals A and B always go to outputs 1/L and 2/R (which are the same as the PHONES output). For details on panning in the Effects Section (especially Panpots Out3 and Out4) visit the Effects Page 8 page.

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Pan Zones

For signals A and B, the 01 divides the stereo pan plane into 11 discrete zones as shown below.
Note: This table was constructed by sending MIDI messages to the 01 and watching the results on the LCD. This table is different from the one in the manual (for some unknown reason).
 
Diagram of pan zones
MIDI Pan Value 01 Pan Setting
0 - 11 A (left)
12 - 23 9:1
24 - 34 8:2
35 - 46 7:3
47 - 58 6:4
59 - 69 5:5
70 - 81 4:6
82 - 93 3:7
94 - 104 2:8
105 - 116 1:9
117 - 127 B (right)
 
MIDI Pan Value & 01 Pan Setting 
 
This may be a shock if you use computer-based sequencers to set panning - I'll bet you were sure that tweaking the MIDI pan value by one or two put that instrument in just the right place! Nope. Each track can go in one of the 11 slots, and that's it.

Panning C and D
You can pan signals C and D to any output using Panner3 and Panner4 in the Effects Section. These Panners have 101 zones (Left, 99:1-1:99, Right). This lets you position C and D more precisely in the 1/L - 2/R stereo plane. (Details are on the Effects Page.)

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This completes pan settings for Prog Mode. These settings are automatically changed when you load a Prog in Combi or Sequence Mode.
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Panning in Combi Mode
Each Prog in a Combi has its own Pan setting in EDIT COMBI, Page 1, bottom Line. The settings work the same as Pan settings in Sequencer Mode, so they are discussed together.


Panning in Sequencer Mode
Each Track in a Song has its own Pan setting on Page 0, on the Edit:PAN screen. The possible values are:
 
Pan Parameter Actions in Combi and Sequencer Modes
A, 1:9, 9:1, B Stereo panning between A and B
C, D, C+D, ALL The Prog is converted into mono, then sent to the selected output(s)
PRG Stereo. The pan setting of the Prog used.
.
Drum Progs and "PRG"
The PRG setting is especially important for Drum Progs. It is the only to keep the individual pans that are assigned to each key. To hear what I’m talking about, try this while listening through headphones plugged into the 01 PHONES jack (or listen to back panel outputs 1/L and 2/R):
 
Demo of "PRG" Pan Setting in SEQ Mode
1 In PROG Mode, select B09:MrProducer. 
2 Play keys C#6 through F6. Notice how each of the five tom-toms are panned differently.
3 In SEQ Mode, set Track 1 to be Prog B09. Play keys C#6 through F6.. Notice how all five toms are now in the center.
4 Select the Panning page (Highlight "Edit:PRG" on the bottom line. Hold down Button “E” while tapping the “2” button)
5 Set the Pan for Track 1 to “PRG” (Highlight the cell in Line 1, Column A, and move the VALUE slider all the way up). Play keys C#6 through F6. All the toms are now spread across the stereo field again.
 
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Panning Using MIDI

Panning is done using MIDI Controller #10. You can only pan signals A (left) and B (right), not C or D. You can see MIDI pans change in Sequencer Mode on Page 0 "Edit"PAN" screen when you send Controller #10 MIDI messages.
ALERT!
The 01 will ignore MIDI Controller #10 messages to any track with the "Edit:PAN" cell set to C, D, C+D, ALL, or PRG. This means if you set the 01 pan to any of those values (using SysEx), that value is forever set until you send another SysEx dump (or change it manually or turn the power off). This is especially important to remember if you are running song lists from your computer-based sequencer, because none of the subsequent pan settings will work unless you send a SysEx dump.
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Computer Sequencer MIDI Panning
If you use a computer-based sequencer, you probably pick a Drum Prog (like B09:MrProducer), give it a track and a MIDI channel, then set the volume and pan. You probably never touch the 01 except to put it into SEQ Mode and to set the effects (Page 8). In this case, all the Drum Sounds in B29 will be mono, and all of them will pan together to whatever the Pan setting is in the computer sequencer.

On the plus side, this arrangement lets you control panning from the sequencer. The bad news is you need a separate MIDI channel for each different Pan setting. If you want the kick drum on the left and the snare on the right, you need to use up one MIDI channel for each instrument. If you want other drums to occupy different positions in the stereo field, you must send a MIDI Pan command each time you want the pan setting to change. This is manageable for most sequences, but the 01 gives you another option.

In the 01 sequencer, pan the Drum Prog to "PRG" (as described above). With this setting, the Drum Prog pan settings are preserved, and every key in the Prog can appear in a different position in the stereo field (like having 50 MIDI channels!). The bad news is you can no longer control panning from the computer sequencer - all MIDI Pan commands are ignored by the 01 when the Pan Cell is set to C, D, C+D, ALL, or PRG.

Use System Exclusive to set up the Drum channel
The only way to set the Drum Prog to "PRG" from the computer sequencer is to use a System Exclusive dump. (There is no MIDI command for setting 01 Pan settings for C, D, ALL, or PRG.)
 
 

Using SysEx to Set PRG Pan Setting
1 Run your computer sequence so all initial settings are sent to the 01.
2 Change the Drum Prog Track Pan setting to "PRG".
3 Use a MIDI "Dump" to send the new 01 sequencer settings back to a file in the computer sequencer.
4 Before running the computer sequence, send that MIDI Dump back to the 01. The Drum Channel/Track is now set.
 
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Using Outputs 1-4

The 01 has four outputs that you can send your audio signal to: 1/L, 2/R, 3, and 4. There is also a PHONE output that is permanently hardwired to 1/L and 2/R. In this document, 1/L and 2/R will usually be shortened to 1 & 2 for simplicity.

Panning determines how much of your audio signal goes out which output.

Stereo output to a stereo recorder or stereo PA system
This is a typical set-up for for simple recording and small clubs. For this set-up, you would connect 1/L to the left channel and 2/R to the right channel. You would then pan all sounds to go out 1 & 2.

Stereo output to external mixer
This set-up uses outputs 3 and/or 4. The 01 can apply different effects to outputs 3 and 4 than what's on outputs 1 and 2. For example, if you run an organ with a rotary speaker effect out 1 and 2, you can run your drums out 3 and 4 with reverb and no rotary speaker. You would then use an external 4-channel mixer to re-combine the signals into a stereo signal that you run into your recorder or PA.

Mono output to mono PA
The bigger the venue, the more useless stereo is - listeners on the left side can't hear what's coming out the right speaker. You can use an external mixer to pan all your outputs to center, and this is the easiest approach to take. But if you don't want to mess with extra gear and cables, you can pan all your 01 signals to center, making them mono.

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 Copyright ©1998,2000 by Ken Westover at Cliff Canyon Publishing Co. All rights reserved.
This material may not be distributed without the written permission of the author.
  E-mail questions or comments to cliffcan@indra.com.
 
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